Business Transactions
Muwatta Malik 1352
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ لاَ رِبًا فِي الْحَيَوَانِ وَإِنَّمَا نُهِيَ مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ عَنْ ثَلاَثَةٍ عَنِ الْمَضَامِينِ وَالْمَلاَقِيحِ وَحَبَلِ الْحَبَلَةِ . وَالْمَضَامِينُ بَيْعُ مَا فِي بُطُونِ إِنَاثِ الإِبِلِ وَالْمَلاَقِيحُ بَيْعُ مَا فِي ظُهُورِ الْجِمَالِ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ لاَ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ أَحَدٌ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ بِعَيْنِهِ إِذَا كَانَ غَائِبًا عَنْهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ رَآهُ وَرَضِيَهُ عَلَى أَنْ يَنْقُدَ ثَمَنَهُ لاَ قَرِيبًا وَلاَ بَعِيدًا . قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَإِنَّمَا كُرِهَ ذَلِكَ لأَنَّ الْبَائِعَ يَنْتَفِعُ بِالثَّمَنِ وَلاَ يُدْرَى هَلْ تُوجَدُ تِلْكَ السِّلْعَةُ عَلَى مَا رَآهَا الْمُبْتَاعُ أَمْ لاَ فَلِذَلِكَ كُرِهَ ذَلِكَ وَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَضْمُونًا مَوْصُوفًا .
Translation
Ibn Chéhab a rapporté que Sa'id Ibn Al-Moussaiab a dit: «De ne jamais pratiquer l'usure dans le commerce des animaux. Et l'on avait interdit ceci dans trois conditions: la vente de ce que portent les femelles, la saillie des étalons, et la femelle pour ce qu'elle porte et qu'elle mettra bas». - Malek a dit: «II ne faut pas que quelqu'un achète un animal qui est décrit, et qui n'est pas présent, même s'il l'avait auparavant vu et accepté, en payant son prix, et que sa possession en soit faite tôt ou tard». Ceci est refusé, pour la bonne raison que le vendeur ait déjà profité du prix, sans savoir, si la marchandise en question, est toujours ou non à l'état initial, tel que l'acheteur l'a fixée. C'est ce qui explique le refus; par contre, ce refus est d'une admission, si le prix est payé à condition que l'animal à vendre, est tel qu'il a été décrit». Chapitre XXVII De la vente de l'animal contre la viande
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